How to Spot a Fake Tech Support Pop-Up (and What to Do)

You are browsing the web when a loud warning fills your screen. It says your computer is infected, your files are at risk, and you must call a number right now. It may even play an alarm sound. This is a fake tech support scam, and it is designed to scare you into acting before you think. Here is how to recognize it and what to do.

How the scam works

The pop-up is not a real warning from your computer. It is a web page built to look like one, often using the logos of well-known tech companies. When you call the number, the person who answers pretends to be a technician. They ask you to install a program that gives them remote access to your computer, and then they ask for payment to “fix” a problem that never existed.

Warning signs of a fake alert

• A phone number on the screen. Real security warnings from your computer or antivirus program do not ask you to call a number.
• Alarm sounds and full-screen messages. These are meant to create panic.
• A countdown or a threat. Phrases like “your data will be deleted” are pressure tactics.
• A request for remote access. A legitimate company will not call or pop up on your screen and ask to take control of your computer.
• Unusual payment methods. Gift cards, wire transfers and cryptocurrency are a red flag for fraud.

What to do when you see one

1. Do not call the number and do not click anything inside the pop-up.
2. Close the browser. If the window will not close, restart your computer. On Windows, press Ctrl + Alt + Delete and open Task Manager to close the browser. On a Mac, press Option + Command + Esc to force quit it.
3. When you reopen the browser, do not restore the previous tabs.
4. Run a scan with your own security software to be safe.

What if you already called or gave access

Act quickly and stay calm:

1. Disconnect the computer from the internet, by turning off Wi-Fi or unplugging the cable.
2. Remove any program the caller asked you to install.
3. Change your passwords from a different, safe device, starting with your email and banking accounts.
4. If you paid, contact your bank or card company right away and explain what happened.
5. Report the scam at reportfraud.ftc.gov, and consider filing a report at ic3.gov.

A simple habit that protects you

Remember this rule: a real warning will never ask you to call a stranger. If something on your screen frightens you, close it and contact a company only through the phone number printed on its official website or on your own account paperwork. Share this with older family members, who are often the target of these scams.